A Intel Galileo Gen2 Device I/O Preconfigured List. Mapping, or port. This information enables the user to determine the peripheral's location on a target board. Figure A-1 Intel Galileo Reference Pin Diagram for Java ME Device I/O API. In this paper we are present IOT based home automation using 1.2 Literature Survey Intel Galileo-Gen2.we made small (tiny) circuit for individual door, fan, light, window and connect to the Intel SHome: A Smart Home Environment With Gen2. In this Galileo gen-2 board. Intel® Firmware Engine – Galileo Gen 2 Intel® Firmware Engine Platform Support for Galileo Gen 2 Platform Release 2.1.0 – Designed for Intel® Firmware Engine 2.0 April 8, 2016 DISCLAIMER This release note as well as the software described in it.
Intel® Galileo Gen2
Intel® Galileo Gen2 Front | Intel® Galileo Gen2 Back |
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- Overview
Overview
The Intel® Galileo Gen2 is a board based on the Intel® Quark™ SoC X1000, a 32-bit Intel® Pentium® processor-class system on a chip (SoC), operating at speeds up to 400MHz.
The Quark processor supports the Yocto 1.4 Poky Linux distribution.
The board has built-in Ethernet with support for Power Over Ethernet(PoE), a USB 2.0 Host Port, micrso-SD slot, PCI Express mini-card slot, 20 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs with 8/12-bits of resolution and 6 as analog inputs with 12 bits of resolution), a micro USB connection, an ICSP header, a JTAG header, and 2 reset buttons.
There is also an integrated Real Time Clock (RTC), with an optional 3V “coin cell” battery for operation between turn on cycles.
The Intel® Galileo Gen2 supports shields that operate at either 3.3v or 5v.The board is designed to be hardware and software pin-compatible with Arduino shields designed for the Uno R3. Digital pins 0 to 13 (and the adjacent AREF and GND pins), Analog inputs 0 to 5, the power header, ICSP header, and the UART port pins (0 and 1), are all in the same locations as on the Arduino Uno R3.
Visit the Intel® Board Documentation page for further informations.
15 refrigerated reagents onboard with automatic mixing and a 10-reagent compartment for ancillaries such as diluents. Siemens advia centaur cp manual. Programmable automatic dilutions, repeats and reflex testing.
Supported Arduino libraries
The software release supports the following Arduino libraries:
SPI |
EEPROM |
UART |
GPIO |
Wi-Fi |
Servo |
USB Host |
Supported Arduino shields
A list of the supported Arduino shields can be found here.
Summary
Microcontroller | SoC Quark X1000 |
Operating Voltage | 3.3V / 5V |
Input Voltage | 7-15V |
Digital I/O Pins | 14 (of which 6 provide 8/12-bit PWM output) |
Analog Input Pins | 6 |
Flash Memory | 512 kB |
RAM | 256 MB DDR3 |
SRAM | 512 kB |
Flash Storage | 8MB |
EEPROM | 8kB |
Clock Speed | 400 MHz |
PoE compatible | |
Length | 124 mm |
Width | 72 mm |
Differences
Differences between the Intel® Galileo Gen2 and the Intel® Galileo
The earlier Intel Galileo did not have an on-board regulator, so the powersupply had to be exactly 5V. The Intel Galileo Gen2 has on-board regulator, soit may be powered with any suitable supply providing 7-15 VDC.
Differences between the Arduino Yùn and the Intel® Galileo Gen2
The Arduino Yùn has two processors: One runs Linux, and an Atmelmicrocontroller runs the Arduino sketch. The Intel® Galileo Gen2 has oneprocessor. In addition to running Linux, this processor runs the Arduino sketch.
Differences between the Intel® Galileo Gen2 and all Arduinos
Note that a sketch loaded into the Intel® Galileo Gen2 is lost after a power cycle. It is possible to boot the Intel® Galileo Gen2 from a uSD card, and in that case to restore a sketch from the same card. Instructions for doing so are forthcoming.
On-board Linux
The Yocto 1.4 Poky Linux distribution is installed on your Intel Galileo Gen2.You can access various Linux functions with the system() call.
Power
The Intel® Galileo Gen2 can be powered only via an external power supply.The adapter can be connected by plugging a 2.1mm center-positive plug into the board's power jack.The board can operate on an external supply of 7 to 15 volts.The provided power supply provides 12v.
The power pins are as follows:
- VIN: The input voltage to the Intel® board. You can access the voltage supplied via the power jack through this pin.
- 5V: This pin outputs a regulated 5V from the regulator on the board.
- 3.3V: A 3.3 volt supply generated by the on-board regulator. This regulator also provides the power supply to the Quark microcontroller.
- GND: Ground pins.
- IOREF: This pin on the Arduino board provides the voltage reference with which the microcontroller operates. This can be 3.3V or 5V based on the IOREF jumper position.
- 12V power-over-Ethernet (PoE) capable
Buttons
There are 2 reset buttons with different functions on the board:
- Reboot: resets the Quark X1000 processor
- Reset: resets sketch and any attached shield
Memory
The Quark X1000 has 512kB of embedded SRAM.
The board has an additional 256 MB DDR3 Ram amd 8MB of Flash to store firmware and the Arduino sketch.It's possible to update the firmware using the IDE.The on board uSD supports uSD card up 32G, and can be used to provide a complete Yocto 1.4 Poky Linux image.
Input and Output
- Serial: 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). Used to receive (RX) and transmit (TX) TTL serial data.
- Digital I/O: Digital pins 0 through 13 and Analog pins A0 through A5 can be used as a digital input or output, using pinMode(), digitalWrite(), and digitalRead() functions. They can operate at 3.3 or 5 volts.
Each pin can provide (source) or receive (sink) a current of 16mA @ 5v, or a current of [email protected]
- PWM: Pins 3,5,6,9,10, and 11
- Provide 8/12bit PWM output with the analogWrite() function. The resolution of the PWM can be changed with the analogWriteResolution() function.
- SPI: SPI header (ICSP header on other Arduino boards)
- These pins support SPI communication using the SPI library.
- Analog Inputs: pins A0 through A5
- Each analog input provide 10/12 bits of resolution. The resolution can be changed with the analogReadResolution() function.
- SDA and SCL: Support TWI communication using the Wire library.
There are 2 reset buttons with different functions on the board:
- Reboot:
- resets the Quark X1000 processor
- Reset:
- resets sketch and attached shield
Communication
The Intel® Galileo Gen2 has a number of facilities for communicating with a computer, another Galileo, Arduino or other microcontrollers, and different devices like phones, tablets, cameras and so on.
It provides 2 UART Controllers : UART 0 to Galileo headers 0, 1; UART 1 to 6-pin 3.3V USB TTL FTDI header; optionally directed to Galileo headers 2, 3 .
The Native USB port can also act as a USB host for connected peripherals such as mice, keyboards, and smartphones. To use these features, see the USBHost reference pages.The onboard microSD card reader is accessible through the SD Library. The communication between Galileo and the SD card is provided by an integrated SD controller and does not require the use of the SPI interface like other Arduino boards.
The onboard Ethernet interface is fully supported, use the Ethernet Library. It does not require the use of the SPI interface like existing Arduino shields. Ingersoll rand manuals online.
The Arduino software includes a Wire library to simplify use of the TWI/I2C bus; see the documentation for details. For SPI communication use the SPI library.
The board provides also a mini PCI Express (mPCIe) slot. This slot allows full size and half size (with adapter) mPCIe modules to be connected to the board and also provides an additional USB Host port via the slot. Any standard mPCIe module can be connected and used to provide applications such as WiFi, Bluetooth or Cellular connectivity.
Programming
Intel Galileo Gen 2 User Manual Pdf
The Intel® Galileo Gen2 can be programmed with this special version of the Arduino software.It's possible to make requests of the Linux kernel with system() calls. This gives your Arduino sketch access to powerful utilities like Python, Node.js, OpenCV, and all sorts of fun Linux stuff.
Note that Intel® Galileo Gen2 forgets the sketch after powering down. It is possible to booth the Galileo Gen2 from the uSD card, and in that case, to restore a sketch from the same card. Instructions for that will be forthcoming.
Galileo Gen 2
Further documentation
For detailed documentation please refer to the Intel Documentation.In order to get started with your board please visit the getting started page
Developer | Intel Corporation |
---|---|
Type | Single-board computer |
Release date | 17 October 2013[1][2] |
Introductory price | US$70 |
Discontinued | 19 June 2017[3] |
Operating system | Linux (Yocto Project based Linux) |
CPU | Intel Quark X1000 400 MHz |
Memory | 256 MB |
Storage | Micro SD card slot (Micro SD or SDHC card) |
Power | 15 W |
Website | www.intel.com |
'Intel Galileo Gen. 2' | |
Developer | Intel Corporation |
---|---|
Type | Single-board computer |
Release date | 10 July 2014[4] |
Introductory price | US$79.90[5] |
Operating system | Linux |
CPU | Intel Quark X1000 32-bit 400 MHz |
Memory | 256 MB |
Storage | Flash Memory 8M, EEPROM 8 kb, Micro SD card slot up to 32GB |
Power | 15 W |
Website | www.intel.com |
Intel Galileo is the first in a line of Arduino-certified development boards based on Intel x86 architecture and is designed for the maker and education communities. Intel released two versions of Galileo, referred to as Gen 1 and Gen 2. These development boards are sometimes called 'Breakout boards'.
The board was discontinued on June 19, 2017.[3]
Technical specifications[edit]
Intel Galileo combines Intel technology with support for Arduino ready-made hardware expansion cards (called 'shields') and the Arduino software development environment and libraries.[6] The development board runs an open source Linux operating system with the Arduino software libraries, enabling re-use of existing software, called 'sketches'. The sketch runs every time the board is powered. Intel Galileo can be programmed through OS X, MicrosoftWindows and Linux host operating software. The board is also designed to be hardware and software compatible with the Arduino shield ecosystem.
Intel Galileo features the Intel QuarkSoC X1000, the first product from the Intel Quark technology family of low-power, small-core products. Intel Quark represents Intel's attempt to compete within markets such as the Internet of Things and wearable computing. Designed in Ireland, the Quark SoC X1000 is a 32-bit, single core, single-thread, Pentium (P54C/i586) instruction set architecture (ISA)-compatible CPU, operating at speeds up to 400 MHz. The Quark is seen by some as Intel's answer to ARM, the processor design featured in smartphones and other single-board computers.
At a clock speed of 400 MHz, together with 256 Mb of DDR3RAM and 8 Mb flash memory, the Galileo is much more powerful than competing Arduino boards. The Mega 2560, for example, has a clock speed of 16 MHz, 8 Kb RAM and 256 Kb flash memory.[7] It would be more appropriate to compare the Galileo to another single-board computer, such as the Raspberry Pi. The latest iteration, the Pi 3 Model B, replaced the Pi 2 Model B in February 2016.[8] It is more powerful than the older Galileo Gen 2, featuring a 1.2 GHz CPU and 1 Gb RAM.[8] The Pi, however, does not have any flash memory.[9]
Both Galileo boards support the Arduino shield ecosystem. Unlike most Arduino boards, the Intel boards support both 3.3V and 5V shields.[10] The Intel development board comes with several computing industry standard I/O interfaces. The support for PCI Express means that Wifi, Bluetooth or GSM cards can be plugged in to the board. It also enables usage of solid state drives with the Galileo.[10] The 10/100 Mbit Ethernet support enables the board to be connected to a LAN. It also enables accessing the Linux shell. The boards further support Micro SD, which means the available storage can be extended by up to 32 Gb. Other I/O interfaces include ACPI, USB 2.0 device and EHCI/OHCI USB host ports, high-speed UART, RS-232 serial port, programmable 8 MB NOR flash, and a JTAG port for easy debug.
Although the Galileo shipped with Linux, it was possible to have a custom version of Windows on both the Gen 1 and the Gen 2.[11] This support was, however, suspended by Microsoft on 30 November 2015. Microsoft cited hardware concerns,[12] with some specifically attributing it to the low clock speed of the Galileo.[13]
The Galileo supports the Arduino IDE running atop an unmodified Linux software stack, supported by a common open source tool chain. The board comes pre-loaded with an SPI image of Linux. Although this version (Yocto 1.4 Poky Linux) has very limited features (e.g. it does not include a Wi-Fi module), it does not require any storage devices to be added.[14] Intel also provides more functional versions of Linux for the boards. The 'SD-Card' image can be downloaded and loaded onto the board via a Micro SD card. It includes, among a multitude of modules, a Wi-Fi module, support for OpenCV to enable computer vision, ALSA for sound processing and Node.js for JavaScript capabilities.[14] A more advanced IoT DevKit version is also available to enable complex IoT projects, adding for example support for OpenCV-Python.
The Raspberry Pi, as well as most boards from Arduino, does not have an onboard real time clock. The Galileo boards have a real time clock, requiring only a 3V coin cell battery.[10] The boards can therefore keep accurate time without being connected to either a power source or internet.[15]
The Galileo can be seen as truly open source, as both the schematics and the source code are freely available for download without a software license agreement. However, some argued that the hardware shouldn't be designated open source if the processor core isn't also made open-source.[9]
Arduino ecosystem[edit]
The Arduino ecosystem has three 'levels':[16][17][failed verification]
- 'Arduino' is manufactured and distributed by Arduino.
- 'AtHeart' identifies any board which is manufactured using an Arduino-supported processor.
- 'Certified' means that the board is supported by the Arduino platform, but does not use an Arduino-supported processor.
The Galileo falls into the third category. Although it is the lowest level in the Arduino ecosystem, it still means that Galileo boards can be programmed using the official Arduino IDE, bought on the Arduino online shop and is compatible with Arduino peripherals such as shields.
Usage[edit]
The essential feature of development boards like the Galileo is the ability to create custom projects. Thanks to the open source nature of the Galileo (and the Arduino ecosystem in general), instructions to various projects can be found online. Some examples are:
- A burglar alarm, which requires a Galileo, a buzzer and a proximity sensor.
- A simple weather station using a Galileo and a DHT11 sensor (which measures temperature and humidity).
- The Sigma Reading Watch. This advanced project combines a Galileo Gen 2, e-ink and 3-D printing to create a wearable e-reader.
- Greeny the Smart Greenhouse is also a more advanced project. A Galileo Gen 2, an Arduino Uno, various electronic components, lamps, a water pump and an acrylic box are used to build an automated, remotely monitored mini greenhouse.
Sales and adoption[edit]
Intel does not publish sales data on its products.
In an effort to boost the ecosystem of their Quark architecture, Intel gave away 50 000 Galileo Gen 1's when it was launched.[18] In 2014, Microsoft also handed out Galileo boards to people who signed up for its IoT program.[19]
On 30 November 2015, Microsoft suspended support for Galileo.[12][13] While it is unclear what effect this had on the sales numbers of the boards, it meant that developers creating projects for Microsoft's Windows 10 IoT Core had to move to Raspberry Pi 2 or 3.[12]
On 16 June 2017 Intel announced that the 'End of Life' and last shipment date for the Galileo range is 16 December 2017 [20]
Difference between Gen 1 and Gen 2[edit]
Intel Galileo Gen 2 Is similar to Gen 1 with the following changes:
- Replaces the RS-232 console port (audio jack) with a 1x6-pin 3.3V USB TTL UART header
- Adds 12-bit pulse-width modulation (PWM)
- Console UART1 redirection to Arduino* headers
- Power over Ethernet (PoE) capability (Requires installation of Silvertel Ag9712-2BR/FL power module)
- A power regulation system that accepts power supplies from 7V to 15V.
- Improved PWM control line means finer resolution for movement control.[11]
Feature | GEN 1 | GEN 2 |
---|---|---|
SoC | Intel Quark X1000 32-bit 400 MHz | Intel Quark X1000 32-bit 400 MHz |
Power (Barrel) | 5V | 7V-15V |
Power (PoE) | No | Yes (Requires installation of Silvertel Ag9712-BR2/FL power module) |
See also[edit]
External links[edit]
References[edit]
Intel Galileo Board
- ^'Intel Galileo Board Specification'. ark.intel.com. 17 October 2013. Retrieved 1 November 2015.
- ^Intel's Galileo Arduino Development Board Now Available to Order at Mouser
- ^ abIntel Discontinues Joule, Galileo, And Edison Product Lines | Hackaday
- ^'Amazon.com: Intel Galileo Gen2'. amazon.com. 9 July 2014. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
- ^Intel Galileo (Gen 2)
- ^http://www.mouser.com/new/Intel/intel-galileo-development-board
- ^'Arduino - ArduinoBoardMega2560'. www.arduino.cc. Retrieved 11 May 2017.
- ^ ab'Raspberry Pi 3 Model B - Raspberry Pi'. Raspberry Pi. Retrieved 11 May 2017.
- ^ ab'Intel Galileo vs. Raspberry Pi | Mouser'. www.mouser.co.za. Retrieved 11 May 2017.
- ^ abc'10 Great Features of the Intel Galileo | Make:'. Make: DIY Projects and Ideas for Makers. 3 October 2013. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
- ^ ab'Microsoft's custom Windows OS now on Galileo Gen2 board'. PC World. Retrieved 11 May 2017.
- ^ abc'Home - Windows IoT'. developer.microsoft.com. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
- ^ abShah, Agam. 'Microsoft pulls Windows 10 support from Intel's Galileo boards'. InfoWorld. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
- ^ ab'Linux Tutorial For Intel® Galileo Gen 2'. Project Gallery. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
- ^'How and Why to Add a Real Time Clock to Arduino'. MakeUseOf. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
- ^'Arduino - Products'. www.arduino.cc. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
- ^'Arduino cards guide'. Wednesday, 21 August 2019
- ^'Arduino Galileo and Quark: Intel's war with ARM is about to get ugly'. Stuff. Retrieved 11 May 2017.
- ^00:29, 19 Nov 2015 at; tweet_btn(), Richard Chirgwin. 'Microsoft makes Raspberry Pi its preferred IoT dev board'. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
- ^'Intel Issues End-of-Life Notices for Galileo / Galileo 2, Edison and Joule Boards & Modules'. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
Intel Galileo Pdf
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